Operacion Deliberate Force (1995)

[Miroslav Lokar]

La operacion Deliberate Force fueron una serie de bombardeos llevados a cabo por la OTAN sobre la Republica Srpska entre el 30 de agosto y el 20 de septiembre de 1995, con el fin de acabar de una vez por todas con el Sitio de Sarajevo, un asedio a la ciudad llevado a cabo por los soldados bajo el mando del general Ratko Mladic. Lo que hizo que la OTAN se decidiera por atacar fueron los bombardeos al mercado de la ciudad llevados a cabo por los serbobosnios, que ocurrieron el 5 de febrero y el 25 de agosto de 1995.

La operacion comenzo en la madrugada del 30 de agosto, cuando los primeros F-16 bombardearon varios pozos de morteros de los serbobosnios a las afueras de Sarajevo. Los bombardeos se extendieron durante 20 dias mas, en los cuales multiples piezas de artilleria, tanques y otros equipos serbobosnios fueron destruidos, ademas de que fueron asesinados 27 soldados serbobosnios por la OTAN. A lo largo de la campaña la OTAN perdio un unico avion, un Mirage 2000 frances que fue derribado el primer dia de los bombardeos, el 20 de agosto.

Finalmente los bombardeos cesaron al amanecer del 20 de septiembre, cuando los hombres de Mladic levantaron el estado de sitio a Saravejo y se iniciaron las negociaciones de paz entre los bandos. Como consecuencia directa de esta operacion, el 14 de diciembre de 1995, se puso el punto y final de la Guerra de Bosnia; una guerra que habia durado 4 años y habia costado la vida a mas de 67.000 civiles y militares bosnios, 8.500 civiles y militares croatas y mas de 24.000 civiles y militares serbios y de la Republica Srpska.

Segun la OTAN, durante el Sitio de Sarajevo se cometieron crimenes de guerra por parte de la tropas de Mladic, razon por la cual el Coronel fue solicitado por el TPIY hasta su captura el 26 de mayo de 2011.

[Miroslav Lokar]

Reseña de la OTAN sobre la operacion
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[Miroslav Lokar]

Publicacion de la OTAN sobre Yugoslavia con fecha del 27 de mayo de 1995

Statement on the Situation in Former Yugoslavia

We regard with the utmost seriousness the further deterioration of the situation in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and condemn the escalation of violence by the parties and the hostile acts against UN personnel. We also condemn in the strongest terms the outrageous behaviour of the Bosnian Serbs in shelling safe areas and killing and seizing UN peacekeepers. We demand that the shelling of safe areas be stopped and that UNPROFOR members and UN observers held hostage by the Bosnian Serbs be released unharmed, unconditionally. We hold the Bosnian Serb leaders fully accountable for their safe return. We pay tribute to the outstanding courage being shown by UNPROFOR and UN personnel in this difficult situation.

We stress the importance and urgency of a renewal of the cessation of hostilities agreement and call upon all the parties to the conflict to seek solutions through negotiation rather than war. We strongly support the continued efforts of the international community, including those of the Contact Group, to bring peace to the former Yugoslavia through the diplomatic process.

NATO air power remains available to help protect the safe areas and UN Peace Forces, in accordance with existing arrangements with the United Nations. We will continue to enforce the No-Fly Zone over Bosnia-Herzegovina. We will also continue, together with the WEU, the maritime embargo enforcement operations in the Adriatic.

We strongly support the continued presence of UN forces in former Yugoslavia, with their safety assured and a strengthened capability to carry out their mission in the pursuit of clear objectives. All parties must ensure that UN troops have freedom of movement and are unharmed, and remove any obstacles to the delivery of humanitarian aid to the needy. We are ready to support efforts towards the reinforcement of UN Peace Forces in former Yugoslavia, with the aim of reducing their vulnerability and strengthening their capability to act and react.
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[Miroslav Lokar]

Publicacion con fecha del 30 de mayo de 1995

Communiqué following the meeting of the North Atlantic Council on the situation in the Former Yugoslavia

The Alliance, with the full solidarity of its members, condemns in the strongest terms the outrageous behaviour of the Bosnian Serbs.

The Alliance condemns the killing and detention of UN peacekeepers and the making of unacceptable threats against the lives of those who are being held hostage. It salutes the courage and dedication of all UN peacekeepers in the former Yugoslavia whose mission is humanitarian and to support the search for peace. Holding peacekeepers hostage is a violation of international principles and of all norms of civilized behaviour. NATO demands that the Bosnian Serbs release these UN peacekeepers immediately and supports every effort of the UN to ensure their safety and bring about their release.

The Alliance also condemns the barbaric shelling of the UN-designated safe areas, in particular the attacks on Tuzla, which has led to the slaughter of a large number of innocent civilians. We demand that the Bosnian Serbs stop these attacks on the safe areas and comply with the UNPROFOR ultimatum to remove all heavy weapons from the Sarajevo exclusion zone or place them under effective UN control. The Alliance remains ready to respond to requests from the United Nations for further action in support of these objectives.

The Alliance calls upon the parties to the conflict to de-escalate the military confrontation and to seek solutions through diplomacy rather than war. The Alliance supports the continued presence of the UN Peace Forces, with their safety assured and a strengthened ability to carry out a clear mandate. The Council has requested the NATO Military Authorities to examine additional means the Alliance could adopt to support UN Peace Forces in the conduct of their mission.
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[Miroslav Lokar]

Video del derribo del Mirage 2000 el 30 de agosto

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[Miroslav Lokar]

Cantidad de vuelos y equipos utilizados por cada pais

France 284 flights (8,1%)
Mirage F-1, SEPECAT Jaguar, Mirage 2000, Super Etendard, E-3F, C-135,Puma

Germany 59 flights (1,7%)
Panavia Tornado

Italy 35 flights (1,0%)
Panavia Tornado, AMX, Boeing 707, C-130, G-222 ,E-3

Netherlands 198 flights (5,6%)
F-16

Spain 12 flights (3,4%)
EF-18A, KC-130, CASA 212

Turkey 78 flights (2,2%)
F-16

United Kingdom 326 flights (9,3%)
GR-7, FMK-3, L-1011, FA-2, E-3D

USA 2318 flights (65,9%)
A-10, F-15E, F/A-18, F-16, EA-6B, EC-130E, EC-130H, AC-130, KC-135, KC-10, MH-53, MC-130, EF-111A

NATO 96 flights (2,7%)
E3A

Total flights: 3515

[Miroslav Lokar]

Alguien sabe si hay alguna foto de los restos del Mirage 2000 ya es tierra?

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[Miroslav Lokar]

NATO Intervention in Bosnia (1995)

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